The portrait is identified by an inscription on the canvas as Mary of Modena (1658–1718), second wife of James II. In the late nineteenth century, when it hung in the Long Gallery, Cole noted, ‘Mary of Modena, wife of James II. (?); a portrait of whom was at Seaton Delaval’. The portrait is not, however, of Mary of Modena. Rather, the sitter appears to resemble Frances Teresa Stuart, Duchess of Richmond (1647–1702), as is suggested by a comparison with Lely’s portrait of the same sitter in the Royal Collection.¹ At some stage the portrait, which was three-quarter length, has been extended on all sides to form a full-length portrait, as with a number the portraits of the Hussey daughters by Kneller (DN1 and DN2).